Thomas Paine: the most influential crank in American political history
Who was Paine? Depending on whom you ask, he was either an uncompromising free-thinker who made possible the popular embrace of the Declaration of Independence, or "a filthy little atheist," as Teddy Roosevelt once described him. A seditious subject of the English crown or an honorary French citizen chucked in the Bastille. Or just a fiercely American idealist with too much interest in brandy and democracy and not enough in fashion or personal hygiene.I've always loved the man who wrote these words of wisdom:
All are more or less accurate—some more, others less—though Paine did firmly believe in God. Not that it made him any less polarizing.
"You either loved him or hated him," says Vikki J. Vickers, a history professor at Weber State University in Utah and author of a Paine biography. "There was no middle ground."
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While noting Paine's birth in England and early career as a corset-maker, the exhibit includes an image of Ben Franklin, who had once met Paine in London and encouraged him to immigrate to the New World, which he did in 1774. By January 1776, Paine had produced "Common Sense," his readily accessible and passionate argument for independence that endeared him to the common man.
As Ms. Vickers notes, the debate on independence at the time was occurring among elites in the Continental Congress. "Some radical members advocated it, but nobody really was listening," she says. "With 'Common Sense,' Paine took the debate out of Congress and gave it to the people, who demanded it."
A copy is on display, as is one of "The Rights of Man," Paine's amalgamated defense of the French Revolution and attack on the English monarchy. Published in two parts between 1791 and 1792, it earned him a charge of seditious libel and led him to flee Britain forever. Paine went to Paris, where he received not only French citizenship but a seat in the new government, which he enjoyed until Robespierre decided he was a threat and imprisoned him in 1793.Also displayed is a copy of "The Age of Reason," Paine's 1794 full-scale assault on organized religion, Christianity in particular. Paine was a deist, a believer in a god who created the world—but who never intervened in his creation and had no truck with churches. "All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions, set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power and profit," Paine wrote. And: "The Christian religion is a parody on the worship of the sun, in which they put a man called Christ in the place of the sun, and pay him the adoration originally paid to the sun."
"The Age of Reason" turned many Paine admirers into Paine haters. Much of the American public—once Paine's base of support—spurned him after his release from French prison, when he publicly blamed George Washington for not having helped secure his release. In a published letter from 1796 (part of the exhibit) to the then still-very-much-adored Father of the Country, Paine wrote: "As to you, Sir, treacherous in private friendship (for so you have been to me, and that in the day of danger) and a hypocrite in public life, the world will be puzzled to decide whether you are an apostate or an impostor; whether you have abandoned good principles, or whether you ever had any."Paine had a bitter break with another friend, John Adams. "He broke with everybody except Ben Franklin," Ms. Christman says, "but only because Franklin died too soon. Paine really had a stick-this-in-your-eye personality."
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Paine had enormous power with words, Ms. Vickers says, "a power that he himself probably didn't understand. During the Revolutionary War, George Washington made sure Paine kept writing to rouse public sentiment and support. If Washington thought him important, we should, too."
Society in every state is a blessing, but government, even in its best stage, is but a necessary evil; in its worst state an intolerable one.Paine was by no means perfect but I love him - maybe because he, like me, was an immigrant who really appreciated that the United States is not only a piece of land but also the state of mind that produced the American Revolution.
That government is best which governs least.
A long habit of not thinking a thing wrong gives it a superficial appearance of being right.
A thing moderately good is not so good as it ought to be. Moderation in temper is always a virtue; but moderation in principle is always a vice.
An army of principles can penetrate where an army of soldiers cannot.
Any system of religion that has anything in it that shocks the mind of a child, cannot be true.
Arms discourage and keep the invader and plunderer in awe, and preserve order in the world as well as property... Horrid mischief would ensue were the law-abiding deprived of the use of them.
Belief in a cruel God makes a cruel man.
But such is the irresistable nature of truth, that all it asks, and all it wants is the liberty of appearing.
Every religion is good that teaches man to be good; and I know of none that instructs him to be bad.
Every science has for its basis a system of principles as fixed and unalterable as those by which the universe is regulated and governed. Man cannot make principles; he can only discover them.
He that would make his own liberty secure, must guard even his enemy from opposition; for if he violates this duty he establishes a precedent that will reach himself.
I believe in the equality of man; and I believe that religious duties consist in doing justice, loving mercy, and endeavoring to make our fellow-creatures happy.
I love the man that can smile in trouble, that can gather strength from distress, and grow brave by reflection. 'Tis the business of little minds to shrink, but he whose heart is firm, and whose conscience approves his conduct, will pursue his principles unto death.
If there must be trouble, let it be in my day, that my child may have peace.
It is error only, and not truth, that shrinks from inquiry.
It is necessary to the happiness of man that he be mentally faithful to himself. Infidelity does not consist in believing, or in disbelieving, it consists in professing to believe what he does not believe.
It is not a field of a few acres of ground, but a cause, that we are defending, and whether we defeat the enemy in one battle, or by degrees, the consequences will be the same.
Lead, follow, or get out of the way.
My mind is my own church.
Persecution is not an original feature in any religion; but it is always the strongly marked feature of all religions established by law.
Reason obeys itself; and ignorance submits to whatever is dictated to it.
Reputation is what men and women think of us; character is what God and angels know of us.
The greatest remedy for anger is delay.
Those who expect to reap the blessings of freedom must, like men, undergo the fatigue of supporting it.
Titles are but nicknames, and every nickname is a title.
When we are planning for posterity, we ought to remember that virtue is not hereditary.





























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